Scientists from MIT have sensitized existing silicon сонячний cells by singlet exciton fission method. This can increase efficiency of сонячний cells from 18 percent to as high as 35 percent thus doubling energy output thereby reducing costs of solar technology.
Необхідно зменшити нашу залежність від викопного палива та створити технології для сталого майбутнього. Сонячна енергія є відновлюваним джерелом енергія де Сонця light is converted into electrical energy. Сонячні клітини are most commonly made of silicon which uses photovoltaic process to transform сонячне світло into electricity. Tandem cells are also being designed which generally include perovskites cells where every section of the сонячний cells can harness Сонця energy from its varied spectrum and thus have higher efficiency. Solar cells available today are limited by their efficiency which is just 15-22 percent.
Дослідження, опубліковане 3 липня в природа продемонстрував, як кремній сонячний cell efficiencies could be raised to as high as 35 percent by applying an effect called singlet exciton fission. In this effect a single particle of light (photon) can generate two electron-hole pairs as opposed to only one. Single exciton fission is seen in many materials since its discovery in the 1970s. The current study aimed to translate this effect for the first time into a viable сонячний клітина
Researchers transferred single exciton fission effect from tetracene – a known material which exhibits it – into crystalline silicon. This material tetracene is a hydrocarbon органічний semiconductor. The transfer was achieved by placing an additional thin layer of hafnium oxynitride (8 angstrom) between excitonic tetracene layer and silicon сонячний cell and coupling them.
This tiny hafnium oxynitride layer acted as a bridge and made possible the generation of high energy photons in the tetracene layer which then triggered release of two electrons in the silicon cell as opposed to the usual one. This sensitization of silicon сонячний cell reduced thermalization losses and enabled better sensitivity to light. The energy output of the сонячний cells doubled as more output was generated from green and blue parts of the spectrum. This can enhance the efficiency of сонячний cells to as high as 35 percent. The technology differs from the tandem solar cells as it just adds more current to the silicon without adding additional cells.
Нинішнє дослідження продемонструвало імпровізовані кремнієві сонячні батареї з синглетним поділом, які можуть демонструвати підвищену ефективність і, таким чином, знизити загальну вартість виробництва енергії сонячної технології.
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Джерела
Einzinger, M. та ін. 2019. Сенсибілізація кремнію синглетним екситонним поділом у тетрацені. природа. 571. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1339-4
